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<title>Moveable bridge</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Moveable bridge</span></span>

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<p>A <b>moveable bridge</b>, or <b>movable bridge</b>, is a <a href="Bridge" title="Bridge">bridge</a> that moves to allow passage for boats<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or barges.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In American English, the term is synonymous with <em>drawbridge</em>, and the latter is the common term, but <a href="Drawbridge" title="Drawbridge">drawbridge</a> can be limited to the narrower, historical definition used in some other forms of English, in which <i>drawbridge</i> refers to only a specific type of moveable bridge often found in castles.

</p><p>An advantage of making bridges moveable is the lower cost, due to the absence of high piers and long approaches. The principal disadvantage is that the traffic on the bridge must be halted when it is opened for passage of traffic on the waterway. For seldom-used railroad bridges<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> over busy channels, the bridge may be left open and then closed for train passages. For small bridges, bridge movement may be enabled without the need for an engine. Some bridges are operated by the users, especially those with a boat, others by a <a href="Bridgeman" title="Bridgeman">bridgeman</a> (or <a href="Bridge_tender" title="Bridge tender">bridge tender</a>); a few are remotely controlled using video-cameras and loudspeakers. Generally, the bridges are powered by electric motors, whether operating winches, gearing, or hydraulic pistons. While moveable bridges in their entirety may be quite long, the length of the moveable portion is restricted by engineering and cost considerations to a few hundred feet.

</p><p>There are often <a href="Traffic_light" title="Traffic light">traffic lights</a> for the road and water traffic, and moving barriers for the road traffic.

</p><p>In the <a href="United_States" title="United States">United States</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> regulations governing the operation of moveable bridges (referred to as <i>drawbridges</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-title33-part117_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-title33-part117-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – for example, hours of operation and how much advance notice must be given by water traffic – are listed in <a href="Title_33_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Title 33 of the Code of Federal Regulations">Title 33 of the Code of Federal Regulations</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> temporary deviations are published in the <a href="United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">Coast Guard's</a> Local Notice to Mariners.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Double-beam_drawbridge" title="Double-beam drawbridge">Double-beam drawbridge</a></li>

<li><a href="Drawbridge" title="Drawbridge">Drawbridge</a> (<a href="British_English" title="British English">British English</a> definition) – the bridge deck is hinged on one end</li>

<li><a href="Bascule_bridge" title="Bascule bridge">Bascule bridge</a> – a drawbridge hinged on pins with a counterweight to facilitate raising; road or rail

<ul><li>Rolling bascule bridge – an unhinged drawbridge lifted by the rolling of a large gear segment along a horizontal <a href="Rack_and_pinion" title="Rack and pinion">rack</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Folding_bridge" title="Folding bridge">Folding bridge</a> – a drawbridge with multiple sections that collapse together horizontally</li>

<li><a href="The_Rolling_Bridge" title="The Rolling Bridge">Curling bridge</a> – a drawbridge with transverse divisions between multiple sections that curl vertically</li>

<li><a href="Merchant_Square_Footbridge" title="Merchant Square Footbridge">Fan Bridge</a> – a drawbridge with longitudinal divisions between multiple bascule sections that rise to various angles of elevation, forming a fan arrangement.</li>

<li><a href="Vertical-lift_bridge" title="Vertical-lift bridge">Vertical-lift bridge</a> – the bridge deck is lifted by counterweighted cables mounted on towers; road or rail</li>

<li><a href="Table_bridge" title="Table bridge">Table bridge</a> – a lift bridge with the lifting mechanism mounted underneath it</li>

<li><a href="Retractable_bridge" title="Retractable bridge">Retractable bridge</a> (Thrust bridge) – the bridge deck is retracted to one side</li>

<li><a href="Submersible_bridge" title="Submersible bridge">Submersible bridge</a> – also called a ducking bridge, the bridge deck is lowered into the water</li>

<li><a href="Tilt_bridge" title="Tilt bridge">Tilt bridge</a> – the bridge deck, which is curved and pivoted at each end, is lifted at an angle</li>

<li><a href="Swing_bridge" title="Swing bridge">Swing bridge</a> – the bridge deck rotates around a fixed point, usually at the centre, but may resemble a gate in its operation; road or rail</li>

<li><a href="Transporter_bridge" title="Transporter bridge">Transporter bridge</a> – a structure high above carries a suspended, <a href="Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a>-like structure</li>

<li><a href="Jet_bridge" title="Jet bridge">Jet bridge</a> – a passenger bridge to an airplane. One end is mobile with height, yaw, and tilt adjustments on the outboard end</li>

<li><a href="Guthrie_rolling_bridge" title="Guthrie rolling bridge">Guthrie rolling bridge</a></li>

<li><a href="Vlotbrug" title="Vlotbrug">Vlotbrug</a>, a design of retractable <a href="Pontoon_bridge" title="Pontoon bridge">floating bridge</a> in the Netherlands</li>

<li><a href="Linkspan" title="Linkspan">Linkspan</a></li>

<li><a href="Ferry_slip" title="Ferry slip">Ferry slip</a></li>

<li><a href="Lock_(water_navigation)" title="Lock (water navigation)">Locks</a> are implicitly bridges as well allowing ship traffic to flow when open and at least foot traffic on top when closed</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visual_index">Visual index</h2></div>

<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Drawbridge" title="Drawbridge">Drawbridge</a></div>

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<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Bascule_bridge" title="Bascule bridge">Bascule bridge</a></div>

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<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Folding_bridge" title="Folding bridge">Folding bridge</a></div>

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<div class="gallerytext"><a href="The_Rolling_Bridge" title="The Rolling Bridge">Curling bridge</a></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Vertical-lift_bridge" title="Vertical-lift bridge">Vertical-lift bridge</a></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Table_bridge" title="Table bridge">Table bridge</a></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Retractable_bridge" title="Retractable bridge">Retractable bridge</a> (Thrust bridge)</div>

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<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Rolling_bascule_bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolling bascule bridge">Rolling bascule bridge</a></div>

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<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Submersible_bridge" title="Submersible bridge">Submersible bridge</a> </div>

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<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Tilt_bridge" title="Tilt bridge">Tilt bridge</a></div>

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<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Swing_bridge" title="Swing bridge">Swing bridge</a></div>

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<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Transporter_bridge" title="Transporter bridge">Transporter bridge</a></div>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents">Accidents</h2></div>

<ul><li>April 23, 1853 – <a href="Rancocas_Creek" title="Rancocas Creek">Rancocas Creek</a>, New Jersey: Engineer of the <a href="Camden_%26_Amboy" class="mw-redirect" title="Camden & Amboy">Camden & Amboy</a>'s 2 p.m. train out of Camden, New Jersey <a href="Signal_passed_at_danger" title="Signal passed at danger">missed stop signals</a> and ran his train off an open drawspan at Rancocas Creek. There were 27 fatalities.</li>

<li>June 29, 1864 – <a href="St-Hilaire_train_disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="St-Hilaire train disaster">St-Hilaire train disaster</a>, Mont-St-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada: A <a href="Grand_Trunk_Railway" title="Grand Trunk Railway">Grand Trunk Railway</a> passenger train failed to observe a red signal and ran through an open swing bridge over the <a href="Richelieu_River" title="Richelieu River">Richelieu River</a>. Ninety-nine were killed and 100 were injured.</li>

<li>November 7, 1916 – <a href="Summer_Street_Bridge_Disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Summer Street Bridge Disaster">Summer Street Bridge Disaster</a>, <a href="Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, Massachusetts: a <a href="Tram" title="Tram">streetcar</a> loaded with passengers ran off an open drawbridge into <a href="Fort_Point_Channel" title="Fort Point Channel">Fort Point Channel</a> near downtown Boston killing 46 passengers.</li>

<li>September 15, 1958 – <a href="Newark_Bay%2C_New_Jersey_rail_accident" class="mw-redirect" title="Newark Bay, New Jersey rail accident">Newark Bay, New Jersey rail accident</a>, <a href="Elizabethport" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabethport">Elizabethport</a>, New Jersey: <a href="Central_Railroad_of_New_Jersey" title="Central Railroad of New Jersey">Central Railroad of New Jersey</a> (CNJ) commuter train #3314 from <a href="Bay_Head_(NJT_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay Head (NJT station)">Bay Head Junction</a> to <a href="Central_Railroad_of_New_Jersey_Terminal" title="Central Railroad of New Jersey Terminal">Jersey City</a> ran a stop signal and an open derail protecting the Newark Bay 4-span lift bridge, and the train's two diesel locomotives and two of five passenger cars went into Newark Bay through one of the open spans. Four crewmen, including the engineer and fireman, and 44 passengers died by drowning.</li>

<li>September 22, 1993 – <a href="Mobile%2C_Alabama" title="Mobile, Alabama">Mobile, Alabama</a>, US: In heavy fog and low visibility, a disoriented <a href="Towboat" class="mw-redirect" title="Towboat">towboat</a> pilot made a wrong turn and entered a non-navigable waterway. Due to inexperience and improper radar training, the pilot did not realize he was off-course and <a href="1993_Big_Bayou_Canot_train_wreck" class="mw-redirect" title="1993 Big Bayou Canot train wreck">struck an unfinished swing bridge over the Big Bayou Canot around 2:45AM</a>, knocking it out of alignment by approximately three feet (one meter), although his initial supposition in the low visibility was that one of the barges had run aground. The rails kinked but did not break, so no fault was indicated for approaching trains. Approximately 8 minutes later, an Amtrak train carrying 220 passengers derailed at the kinked portion of the rails, killing 47 and injuring 103 more.</li>

<li>November 23, 1996 – Kearny, New Jersey, US: An <a href="Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a> passenger and mail train derailed while crossing the <a href="Portal_Bridge" title="Portal Bridge">Portal Bridge</a> over the <a href="Hackensack_River" title="Hackensack River">Hackensack River</a>, sideswiping another passenger train in the process. Thirty-four people were injured. A broken rail joint on one pair of the bridge's movable rails at each end of the span caused a track misalignment, while still making electrical contact with the landward rails; thus signals were clear, <a href="Derail" title="Derail">derails</a> closed, and a fault indication was not displayed.</li></ul>

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<ul><li><a href="Bailey_bridge" title="Bailey bridge">Bailey bridge</a>, <a href="Medium_Girder_Bridge" title="Medium Girder Bridge">Medium Girder Bridge</a>, and <a href="Armoured_vehicle-launched_bridge" title="Armoured vehicle-launched bridge">Armoured vehicle-launched bridge</a> – transportable or relocatable bridges.</li>

<li><a href="Barton_Swing_Aqueduct" title="Barton Swing Aqueduct">Barton Swing Aqueduct</a>, a swing bridge carrying barge traffic over a ship canal.</li>

<li><a href="List_of_movable_bridges_in_Connecticut" title="List of movable bridges in Connecticut">List of movable bridges in Connecticut</a></li>

<li><a href="Lists_of_rail_accidents" title="Lists of rail accidents">Lists of rail accidents</a></li>

<li><a href="Pontoon_bridge" title="Pontoon bridge">Pontoon bridge</a> – may be built with a barge or boat-like section that may be moved for passage.</li></ul>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boat&oldid=1148994403">"Boat"</a>, <i>Wikipedia</i>, 2023-04-09<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-17</span></span></cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Moveable_bridges" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Moveable bridges">Moveable bridges</a></span>.</div></div>

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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.movablebridges.org.uk/">Moveable Bridges in the British Isles</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/documents/about/environment/protecting-heritage/moveable-span-bridge-study-volume-2-bascule-and-swing-span-bridges-part-1.pdf">NSW moveable bridges</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Bridge-related_articles224" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Bridge" title="Bridge">Bridge</a>-related articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structural types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Box_girder_bridge" title="Box girder bridge">Box girder</a></li>

<li><a href="Bridge%E2%80%93tunnel" title="Bridge–tunnel">Bridge–tunnel</a></li>

<li><a href="Burr_Truss" title="Burr Truss">Burr Truss</a></li>

<li><a href="Cable-stayed_bridge" title="Cable-stayed bridge">Cable-stayed</a></li>

<li><a href="Canopy_bridge" title="Canopy bridge">Canopy</a></li>

<li><a href="Cantilever_bridge" title="Cantilever bridge">Cantilever</a></li>

<li><a href="Cantilever_spar_cable-stayed_bridge" title="Cantilever spar cable-stayed bridge">Cantilever spar cable-stayed</a></li>

<li><a href="Clapper_bridge" title="Clapper bridge">Clapper</a></li>

<li><a href="Covered_bridge" title="Covered bridge">Covered</a></li>

<li><a href="Double-beam_drawbridge" title="Double-beam drawbridge">Double-beam drawbridge</a></li>

<li><a href="Extradosed_bridge" title="Extradosed bridge">Extradosed</a></li>

<li>

<ul><li><a href="Bascule_bridge" title="Bascule bridge">Bascule</a></li>

<li><a href="Drawbridge" title="Drawbridge">Drawbridge</a></li>

<li><a href="Folding_bridge" title="Folding bridge">Folding</a></li>

<li><a href="Retractable_bridge" title="Retractable bridge">Retractable</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Rolling_Bridge" title="The Rolling Bridge">Rolling</a></li>

<li><a href="Rolling_bascule_bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolling bascule bridge">Rolling bascule</a></li>

<li><a href="Submersible_bridge" title="Submersible bridge">Submersible</a></li>

<li><a href="Swing_bridge" title="Swing bridge">Swing</a></li>

<li><a href="Table_bridge" title="Table bridge">Table</a></li>

<li><a href="Transporter_bridge" title="Transporter bridge">Transporter</a></li>

<li><a href="Vertical-lift_bridge" title="Vertical-lift bridge">Vertical-lift</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Multi-way_bridge" title="Multi-way bridge">Multi-way</a></li>

<li><a href="Navigable_aqueduct" title="Navigable aqueduct">Navigable aqueduct</a></li>

<li><a href="Pontoon_bridge" title="Pontoon bridge">Pontoon</a>

<ul><li><a href="Vlotbrug" title="Vlotbrug">Vlotbrug</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Suspension_bridge" title="Suspension bridge">Suspension</a>

<ul><li><a href="Types_of_suspension_bridges" title="Types of suspension bridges">types</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Timber_bridge" title="Timber bridge">Timber</a></li>

<li><a href="Through_arch_bridge" title="Through arch bridge">Through arch</a></li>

<li><a href="Trestle_bridge" title="Trestle bridge">Trestle</a></li>

<li><a href="Truss_bridge" title="Truss bridge">Truss</a></li>

<li><a href="Tubular_bridge" title="Tubular bridge">Tubular</a></li>

<li><a href="Viaduct" title="Viaduct">Viaduct</a></li>

<li><i><a href="List_of_bridge_types" title="List of bridge types">Visual index to various types</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists of bridges by type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_bridges" title="List of bridges">List of bridges</a>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_bascule_bridges" title="List of bascule bridges">bascule bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_cantilever_bridges" title="List of cantilever bridges">cantilever bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_medieval_stone_bridges_in_Germany" title="List of medieval stone bridges in Germany">medieval stone bridges in Germany</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_multi-level_bridges" title="List of multi-level bridges">multi-level bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_road%E2%80%93rail_bridges" title="List of road–rail bridges">road–rail bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_toll_bridges" title="List of toll bridges">toll bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_vertical-lift_bridges" title="List of vertical-lift bridges">vertical-lift bridges</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_bridge%E2%80%93tunnels" title="List of bridge–tunnels">List of bridge–tunnels</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_lists_of_covered_bridges_in_North_America" title="List of lists of covered bridges in North America">List of lists of covered bridges in North America</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists of bridges by size</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_longest_bridges" title="List of longest bridges">By length</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_longest_suspension_bridge_spans" title="List of longest suspension bridge spans">Suspension bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_longest_cable-stayed_bridge_spans" title="List of longest cable-stayed bridge spans">Cable-stayed bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_longest_cantilever_bridge_spans" title="List of longest cantilever bridge spans">Cantilever bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_longest_continuous_truss_bridge_spans" title="List of longest continuous truss bridge spans">Continuous truss bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_longest_arch_bridge_spans" title="List of longest arch bridge spans">Arch bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_longest_masonry_arch_bridge_spans" title="List of longest masonry arch bridge spans">Masonry arch bridges</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_highest_bridges" title="List of highest bridges">Highest</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_tallest_bridges" title="List of tallest bridges">Tallest</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Additional lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_bridge_failures" title="List of bridge failures">Bridge failures</a></li>

<li><a href="Bridge_to_nowhere" title="Bridge to nowhere">Bridge to nowhere</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bridges_in_art" title="Bridges in art">Bridges in art</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

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This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-05-28" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Moveable_bridge&oldid=1226045585">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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